FRED :: The Fossil Record Electronic Database
| FRED Stages |
|---|
| Period (approx.) | Stage | Base Age (Ma) | Top Age (Ma) | Duplicate/Obsolete | Comments |
| Quaternary |
Modern (N) |
0.0 |
0.0 |
|
|
| Quaternary |
Holocene (Rec) |
0.01 |
0.0 |
|
|
| Quaternary |
Aranuian (Quar) |
0.014 |
0.0 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Otiran (Quti) |
0.06 |
0.014 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Oturian (Qutu) |
0.13 |
0.06 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Upper Hawera Series (Qu) |
0.13 |
0.0 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Waimean (Quwe) |
0.37 |
0.13 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Terangian (Qutr) |
0.43 |
0.37 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Lower Hawera Series (Ql) |
0.43 |
0.13 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Hawera Series (Q) |
0.43 |
0.0 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Haweran (Wq) |
0.34 |
0.0 |
|
|
| Quaternary |
Putikian (Wu) |
0.78 |
0.34 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Okehuan (Wk) |
1.63 |
0.78 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Castlecliffian (WC) |
1.63 |
0.34 |
Duplicate |
|
| Quaternary |
Castlecliffian (Wc) |
1.63 |
0.34 |
|
|
| Quaternary |
Marahauan (Wa) |
2.3 |
1.63 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Nukumaruan (WN) |
2.0 |
1.63 |
Duplicate |
|
| Quaternary |
Hautawan (Wh) |
2.4 |
2.3 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Nukumaruan (Wn) |
2.4 |
1.63 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Mangapanian (Wm) |
3.0 |
2.4 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Waipipian (Wp) |
3.6 |
3.0 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Waitotaran (WW) |
3.6 |
2.4 |
Obsolete |
|
| Neogene |
Waitotaran (Ww) |
3.6 |
2.4 |
Obsolete |
|
| Neogene |
Opoitian (Wo) |
5.28 |
3.6 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Wanganui Series (W) |
5.28 |
0.0 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Kapitean (Tk) |
6.5 |
5.28 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Tongaporutuan (Tt) |
10.92 |
6.5 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Taranaki Series (T) |
10.92 |
5.28 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Waiauan (Sw) |
12.7 |
10.92 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Lillburnian (Sl) |
15.1 |
12.7 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Clifdenian (Sc) |
15.9 |
15.1 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Southland Series (S) |
15.9 |
10.92 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Altonian (Sa) |
19.0 |
15.9 |
Duplicate |
|
| Neogene |
Hutchinsonian (Ph) |
19.0 |
15.9 |
Obsolete |
|
| Neogene |
Awamoan (Pa) |
19.0 |
15.9 |
Obsolete |
|
| Neogene |
Altonian (Pl) |
19.0 |
15.9 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Otaian (Po) |
21.7 |
19.0 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Pareora Series (P) |
21.7 |
15.9 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Waitakian (Lw) |
25.2 |
21.7 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Duntroonian (Ld) |
27.3 |
25.2 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Whaingaroan (Lwh) |
34.3 |
27.3 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Landon Series (L) |
34.3 |
21.7 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Runangan (Ar) |
36.0 |
34.3 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Kaiatan (Ak) |
37.0 |
36.0 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Bortonian (Ab) |
43.0 |
37.0 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Arnold Series (A) |
43.0 |
34.3 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Porangan (Dp) |
46.2 |
43.0 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Heretaungan (Dh) |
49.5 |
46.2 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Mangaorapan (Dm) |
53.0 |
49.5 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Waipawan (Dw) |
55.5 |
53.0 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Teurian (Dt) |
65.0 |
55.5 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Wangaloan (Dwn) |
65.0 |
55.5 |
Obsolete |
|
| Paleogene |
Dannevirke Series (D) |
65.0 |
43.0 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Teurian (Mt) |
65.0 |
55.5 |
Duplicate |
|
| Paleogene |
Wangaloan (Mw) |
65.0 |
55.5 |
Obsolete |
|
| Cretaceous |
Upper Haumurian (Mhu) |
75.0 |
65.0 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Lower Haumurian (Mhl) |
84.0 |
75.0 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Haumurian (Mh) |
84.0 |
65.0 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Piripauan (Mp) |
86.5 |
84.0 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Mata Series (M) |
86.5 |
65.0 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Teratan (Rt) |
89.1 |
86.5 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Mangaotanean (Rm) |
92.1 |
89.1 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Arowhanan (Ra) |
95.2 |
92.1 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Raukumara Series (R) |
95.2 |
86.5 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Ngaterian (Cn) |
100.2 |
95.2 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Motuan (Cm) |
103.3 |
100.2 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Urutawan (Cu) |
108.4 |
103.3 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Clarence Series (C) |
108.4 |
95.2 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Korangan (Uk) |
117.5 |
108.4 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
pre-Korangan (Um) |
145.5 |
117.5 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Taitai Series (U) |
145.5 |
108.4 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Waikatoan (Opw) |
147.0 |
145.5 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Mangaoran (Opm) |
148.5 |
147.0 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Puaroan (Op) |
148.5 |
145.5 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Oteke Series (O) |
148.5 |
145.5 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Ohauan (Ko) |
153.5 |
148.5 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Heterian (Kh) |
157.5 |
153.5 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Temaikan (Kt) |
175.6 |
157.5 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Kawhia Series (K) |
175.6 |
148.5 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Ururoan (Hu) |
188.0 |
175.6 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Aratauran (Ha) |
199.6 |
188.0 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Herangi Series (H) |
199.6 |
175.6 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Otapirian (Bo) |
204.6 |
199.6 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Warepan (Bw) |
212.0 |
204.6 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Otamitan (Bm) |
217.0 |
212.0 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Oretian (Br) |
227.5 |
217.0 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Balfour Series (B) |
227.5 |
199.6 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Kaihikuan (Gk) |
238.5 |
227.5 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Etalian (Ge) |
244.5 |
238.5 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Malakovian (Gm) |
245.5 |
244.5 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Nelsonian (Gn) |
250.4 |
245.5 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Gore Series (G) |
250.4 |
227.5 |
|
|
| Permian |
Makarewan (YDm) |
251.5 |
250.4 |
|
|
| Permian |
Waiitian (YDw) |
253.0 |
251.5 |
|
|
| Permian |
Puruhauan (YDp) |
260.4 |
253.0 |
|
|
| Permian |
D'Urville Series (YD) |
260.4 |
250.4 |
|
|
| Permian |
Flettian (YAf) |
266.5 |
260.4 |
|
|
| Permian |
Barrettian (YAr) |
273.0 |
266.5 |
|
|
| Permian |
Braxtonian (YAb) |
273.0 |
260.4 |
Obsolete |
|
| Permian |
Mangapirian (YAm) |
280.0 |
273.0 |
|
|
| Permian |
Telfordian (YAt) |
283.0 |
280.0 |
|
|
| Permian |
Aparima Series (YA) |
283.0 |
260.4 |
|
|
| Permian |
pre-Telfordian (Ypt) |
299.0 |
283.0 |
|
|
| Permian |
Permian (Y) |
299.0 |
251.0 |
|
|
| Carboniferous |
Carboniferous (F) |
359.2 |
299.0 |
|
|
| Devonian |
Upper Devonian (JU) |
385.3 |
359.2 |
|
|
| Devonian |
Middle Devonian (JM) |
397.5 |
385.3 |
|
|
| Devonian |
Emsian (Jem) |
407.0 |
397.5 |
|
|
| Devonian |
Zlichovian (Jzl) |
407.0 |
397.5 |
|
|
| Devonian |
Pragian (Jpr) |
411.2 |
407.0 |
|
|
| Devonian |
Lochkovian (Jlo) |
417.2 |
411.2 |
|
|
| Devonian |
Devonian (J) |
417.2 |
359.2 |
|
|
| Silurian |
Pridoli Series (Epr) |
419.7 |
417.2 |
|
|
| Silurian |
Ludlow Series (Elu) |
423.5 |
419.7 |
|
|
| Silurian |
Wenlock Series (Ewe) |
428.4 |
423.5 |
|
|
| Silurian |
Llandovery Series (Ela) |
443.2 |
428.4 |
|
|
| Silurian |
Silurian (E) |
443.2 |
417.2 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Bolindian (Vbo) |
449.7 |
443.2 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Ashgill Series (Vas) |
449.7 |
443.2 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Hirnantian (Vhi) |
445.1 |
443.2 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Eastonian (Vea) |
456.1 |
449.7 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Gisbornian (Vgi) |
460.5 |
456.1 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Caradoc Series (Vcd) |
460.5 |
449.7 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Darriwilian (Vda) |
468.1 |
460.5 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Llandeilo Series (Vld) |
462.5 |
460.5 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Llanvirn Series (Vln) |
466.0 |
460.5 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Arenig Series (Var) |
479.2 |
466.0 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Yapeenian (Vya) |
468.9 |
468.1 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Castlemainian (Vca) |
472.0 |
468.9 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Chewtonian (Vch) |
473.9 |
472.0 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Bendigonian (Vbe) |
476.8 |
473.9 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Lancefieldian (Vla) |
488.7 |
476.8 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Pre-Lancefieldian (Vpl) |
490.0 |
488.7 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Tremadocian (Vtr) |
490.0 |
479.2 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Ordovician (V) |
490.0 |
443.2 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Katian (Vka) |
456.1 |
445.1 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Sandbian (Vsa) |
460.5 |
456.1 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Dapingian (Vdp) |
472.0 |
468.1 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Floian (Vfl) |
479.2 |
472.0 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Datsonian (Xda) |
491.5 |
490.0 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Payntonian (Xpa) |
494.0 |
491.5 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Iverian (Xiv) |
498.5 |
494.0 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Idamean (Xid) |
501.0 |
498.5 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Mindyallan (Xmi) |
503.0 |
501.0 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Boomerangian (Xbo) |
504.0 |
503.0 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Undillan (Xun) |
505.0 |
504.0 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Floran (Xfl) |
507.0 |
505.0 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Ordian (Xor) |
513.0 |
507.0 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Templetonian (Xte) |
513.0 |
505.0 |
Obsolete |
|
| Cambrian |
Lower Cambrian (XL) |
542.0 |
513.0 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Cambrian (X) |
542.0 |
490.0 |
|
|
| |
Proterozoic (Z) |
999.9 |
542.0 |
|
|
| |
no fossils (nf) |
999.9 |
0.0 |
|
|
| |
not determined (nd) |
999.9 |
0.0 |
|
|
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